Australian one-dollar coin
The Australian one-dollar coin is the second most valuable circulation denomination coin of the Australian dollar after the two-dollar coin; there are also non-circulating legal-tender coins of higher denominations (five-, ten-, two-hundred-dollar coins[1] and the one-million-dollar coin[2]).
It was first issued on 14 May 1984[3] to replace the one-dollar note which was then in circulation, although plans to introduce a dollar coin had existed since the mid-1970s.[3] The first year of minting saw 186.3 million of the coins produced at the Royal Australian Mint in Canberra.[3]
Four portraits of Queen Elizabeth II have featured on the obverse, the 1984 head of Queen Elizabeth II by Arnold Machin; between 1985 and 1998, the head by Raphael Maklouf; between 1999 and 2009, the head by Ian Rank-Broadley; and since 2019, the effigy of Elizabeth II by artist Jody Clark has been released into circulation. The coin features an inscription on its obverse of AUSTRALIA on the right-hand side and ELIZABETH II on the left-hand side.
The reverse features five kangaroos. The image was designed by Stuart Devlin, who designed Australia's first decimal coins in 1966.
The one-dollar denomination was only issued in coin sets in 1987, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, and finally 2012. No one-dollar coin with any mint mark was ever released for circulation; any dollars found with such mark comes for a card.
The one-dollar and two-dollar coins are legal tender up to the sum of (but not exceeding) 10 times the face value of the coin concerned.[4]
Commemorative issue[edit]
The Royal Australian Mint has released a number of commemorative issued coins since the Australian $1 was released in 1984, some of which were not released into circulation.
| Year | Subject | Mintage | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1986 | International Year of Peace | 25,200,000 | |
| 1988 | Commemoration the Australian Bicentennial | 21,600,000 | |
| 1993 | Landcare Australia | 18,200,000 | |
| 1996 | Sir Henry Parkes | 26,200,000 | |
| 1997 | Birth of Sir Charles Kingsford-Smith | 24,400,000 | |
| 1999 | International Year of Older Persons | 29,300,000 | |
| 2001 | Centenary of Federation | 27,900,000 | |
| International Year of Volunteers | 6,000,000 | ||
| 2002 | Year of the Outback | 35,400,000 | |
| 2003 | Australia's Volunteers | 4,100,000 | |
| Centenary of Women's Suffrage | 10,000,000 | ||
| 2005 | 60th Anniversary of the End of World War II | 34,200,000 | |
| 2007 | Australia's hosting of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum | 20,100,000 | |
| 2008 | Centenary of Scouting in Australia | 17,200,000 | |
| 2009 | 100th Year of the Age Pension | 21,300,000 | |
| 2010 | Centenary of Girl Guiding in Australia | 12,600,000 | |
| 2011 | Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting | 9,400,000 | |
| 2014 - 2018 | Centenary of ANZAC 2014-2018 | 21,800,000 (2014) 1,300,000 (2015) 1,800,000* (2016) | |
| 2016 | 50th Anniversary of Decimal Currency | 560,000 | |
| "*" denotes partial numbers for 2016 - total production to be confirmed | |||
| References:[5] | |||
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